Alma wiki

aliases

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-06-05T23:26:01+0200

Aliases alias disklist='lsblk -o NAME,HCTL,TYPE,SIZE,FSTYPE,LABEL,MOUNTPOINT,TRAN,VENDOR,PARTLABEL,RO' alias ipa='ip -brief addr' alias ipac='ip -brief -color addr' alias dns-reload='named-checkconf -z && rndc reload; sleep 2; grep named /var/log/daemon.log' alias epoch2date='perl -e '\''$t=shift; printf "%10s :%26s\n%10s :%26s\n%10s :%26s\n", "epoch", $t, "localtime", scalar(localtime $t), "gmtime", scalar(gmtime $t);'\''' alias iptlogview='perl -ne '\''if ( ($t,$m,$s,$d,$p,$sp,$dp)=/^(?:…

avid

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2021-06-12T12:58:05+0200

Avid: disable startup items Show Avid LaunchAgents: ls -1 /Library/LaunchAgents/com.avid* /Library/LaunchAgents/com.avid.ApplicationManager.plist /Library/LaunchAgents/com.avid.backgroundservicesmanager.plist /Library/LaunchAgents/com.avid.dmfsupportsvc.plist /Library/LaunchAgents/com.avid.interplay.dmfservice.plist /Library/LaunchAgents/com.avid.interplay.editortranscode.plist /Library/LaunchAgents/com.avid.transcodeserviceworker.plist

bash_history

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-09-18T13:47:36+0200

Bash history settings export HISTTIMEFORMAT='%F %T ' export HISTSIZE=3000 # number of lines stored in memory export HISTFILESIZE=10000 # max number of lines in ~/.bash_history file ## Try to fix history problems (seems OK in ~/.bashrc. Also here?) ## Based on http://unix.stackexchange.com/questions/1288/preserve-bash-history-in-multiple-terminal-windows#48113 export HISTCONTROL=ignoreboth shopt -s histappend shopt -s cmdhist # multi-line commands in one line # Save and r…

centos

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2022-07-06T17:58:48+0200

SSH X11 forwarding Check ssh server config: # sshd -T | grep x11 x11displayoffset 10 x11maxdisplays 1000 x11forwarding yes x11uselocalhost yes Adapt /etc/ssh/sshd_config if different from above. If it still doesn't work, disable IPv6 by setting AddressFamiliy to "inet":

certbot

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2022-12-13T12:26:37+0200

certbot Install install in Jessie For Debian 8 (Jessie): apt remove certbot wget https://dl.eff.org/certbot-auto mv certbot-auto /usr/local/bin/certbot-auto chown -c root /usr/local/bin/certbot-auto chmod -c 0755 /usr/local/bin/certbot-auto Not sure if adding this is useful:

characters_filenames

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-06-20T23:14:40+0200

Characters in file names Note : this page often uses "Unix" for non-Windows systems, because Mac OS and Linux are both Unix-based systems. And the Web standard also originated on Unix systems, so for example, it's path separator is the same "/". Path separators

clonezilla

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2021-05-06T12:45:08+0200

Make USB boot key Format as vfat, copy image, make bootable: disk=/dev/sdb; label=CZ_2021 sudo apt install gparted sudo gparted $disk sudo fatlabel ${disk}1 $labelunzip Downloads/clonezilla-live-2.7.1-22-amd64.zip -d /media/$USER/$label/ cd /media/$USER/$label/utils/linux/ sudo bash makeboot.sh ${disk}1

copy_dvd

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2021-12-26T14:54:08+0200

Copying / transcoding a DVD with ffmpeg * First, copy the DVD to a hard drive For unencrypted DVDs: * Use VLC to check which are the correct files. In the example below, they are VTS_01_1.VOB to VTS_01_3.VOB. * Define a few variables dvd_folder=Desktop/MetaMecano-VIDEO_TS out=Desktop/MetaMecano-DVD.mkv

crontab

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-10-26T18:07:57+0200

crontab stuff Create a crontab entry with random minute/hour. (replace /bin/true with the wanted command!) Every day: m=$(( RANDOM % 60 )); h=$(( RANDOM % 24 )); cmd="/bin/true" echo "$m $h * * * root $cmd" | tee -a /etc/crontab Once per week: m=$(( RANDOM % 60 )); h=$(( RANDOM % 24 )); d=$(( RANDOM % 7 )); cmd="/bin/true" echo "$m $h * * $d root $cmd" | tee -a /etc/crontab

disks

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-05-25T11:39:03+0200

Disks Overwrite empty space with nulls Write Write nulls to free space of all partitions on /dev/sda #!/bin/bash ## fill empty space with nulls to really delete everything sfdisk -d /dev/sda \ | awk '/^.dev.sd/ {print $1}' \ | while read d; do mkdir -p /mnt/x mount $d /mnt/x ls -l /mnt/x echo "writing nulls to free space on $d ..." time cat /dev/zero > /mnt/x/zeroes sync rm /mnt/x/zeroes umount /mnt/x done echo OK

dns_check

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-03-01T12:14:17+0200

DNS check Check that all defined nameservers for a domain do reply to queries for that domain. dom=example.com rec=SOA for serv in $(dig -t NS $dom +short); do echo $(dig @$serv -t $rec $dom +short) from $serv done or on one line: dom=example.com; rec=SOA; for serv in $(dig -t NS $dom +short); do echo $(dig @$serv -t $rec $dom +short) from $serv; done

exiftool

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-01-28T18:55:27+0200

Exiftool To see all available date/time fields in the file(s), use exiftool -args -time:all *.jpg Exif rename by date Add the original Exif date to the beginning of the file name, and also move the file to a folder by year-month. When using -testname

fail2ban

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-12-03T12:12:59+0200

Fail2Ban Test jail [INCLUDES] before = paths-common.conf after = paths-overrides.local [DEFAULT] test_logs = /var/log/test*.log [INCLUDES] before = common.conf [Definition] _daemon = test failregex = ^%(__prefix_line)s.*fail2ban([ \d]*)?test IP: .*$

ffmpeg

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-03-25T10:53:44+0200

ffmpeg in=... ; out=... # or eg. out="${in/%.mov/-small.mov}"ffmpeg -i "$in" webm to mp4 Example: ffmpeg -i "$in" -tune film -crf 20 -preset slow -b:a 192k -movflags +faststart "${in%%.webm}.mp4" h264 -c:v libx264 -pix_fmt yuv420p -tune film -crf 20 -g 50 -preset slow # (veryfast fast medium slow slower veryslow)

ffprobe

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2023-06-08T15:10:59+0200

ffprobe The normal text output of ffprobe goes to stderr, so you usually need to add 2>&1 to parse the output. The alternative is to use the complex ffprobe options to format the output which then goes to stdout. Start with a look at this page: Show metadata tags

firefox_extensions

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2023-04-10T15:22:31+0200

Copy text + URL * Copy page title and url : Adds a context menu item to copy page title (or selected text) and url to clipboard. To use, right-click any page and select "Copy Page Title and Url" or "Copy Selection and Url". Or: * Link Text and Location Copier : copies a link’s text and location, the page title and

fonts_characters

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2022-09-27T17:09:36+0200

Fonts and Unicode characters List all characters in font ttx $ sudo apt install fonttools $ ttx -t cmap -o - /usr/share/fonts/truetype/Arial/arial.ttf Dumping "/usr/share/fonts/truetype/Arial/arial.ttf" to "-"... Dumping 'cmap' table... <…

linux_hfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-10-04T12:30:35+0200

Linux HFS+ read/write HFS+ disks are mounted automatically, but read-only by default. To remount them read-write: mount | grep 'type hfsplus (ro' | while read disk line; do echo "$disk $line"; echo "Remounting $disk read-write:"; sudo mount -o remount,rw,force $disk && echo OK; done

linux_keyboard

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2023-05-27T11:07:12+0200

Linux keyboard Debug keyboard sudo showkey or xev or show keypresses online, including from Windows or Mac? : See also How to detect global key presses

mac-ntfs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-09-27T19:20:13+0200

ntfs-3g on MacOS csrutil disablebrew install ntfs-3gvolname=Toshiba_1tb diskutil list | grep $volname 1: Windows_NTFS Toshiba_1tb 1.0 TB disk2s1disk=$(diskutil list | grep $volname | awk '{print $NF}')sudo mkdir /Volumes/$volname

mac_boot_keys

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-10-01T17:44:35+0200

MacOS boot keys Note that with a Windows keyboard: * * Safe mode after startup tone and until login screen Other boot disk (USB etc.) after startup tone and until startup choice appears Boot Recovery partition

macos_defaults

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-07-20T14:45:40+0200

MacOS defaults Hostname # show: for n in ComputerName HostName LocalHostName; do echo "$n = $(scutil --get $n)"; done # set new hostname: host=newname; dom=example.lan for n in ComputerName LocalHostName; do sudo scutil --set $n $host; done sudo scutil --set HostName $host.$dom

macos_install

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2023-03-24T12:11:25+0200

MacOS Install downloads Download The installer must be downloaded from App Store, and you need an Apple ID with a payment method (Credit card). You can select "None" as payment method, but then you cannot download! The App Store link for High Sierra is

macos_misc

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-03-22T13:19:11+0200

MacOS misc Network Disable IPv6: sudo networksetup -listallnetworkservices # get names to use below sudo networksetup -setv6off Ethernet sudo networksetup -setv6off Wi-Fi #... Show DNS: scutil --dns | grep nameserver Mac startup key combinations

mkv

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-01-27T11:07:45+0200

mkv info mkvmerge --identify "$mkv" Extract subtitles mkvinfo --summary "$f" | head -10 \ | perl -nle 'if ( /^Track (\d+): subtitles, codec ID: ([A-Z_]+).*extract track ID: (\d+)(?:, language: (\S+))?/ ) { warn "$_=$1: type=$2, xtrack=$3, lang=$4\n"; print "$2 $3 $4" }' \ | while read type t lang; do d=$(dirname "$f"); b=$(basename "$f"); echo "#Run this:# mkvextract tracks \"\$f\" $t:'$d/$b-$lang-$t.$type'"; done

mmdblookup

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-10-27T15:10:19+0200

mmdblookup Fix GeoIP's mmdblookup output to make it real json: mmdblookup -f /var/lib/GeoIP/GeoLite2-City.mmdb -i $ip \ | perl -0777 -pe 's/\s+<\w+>$/, /gm; s/([\d"])$/$1,/s; s/\s+/ /g; s/,\s*(})/$1/g; s/}\s*([\d"])/}, $1/g;' \ | jq The regexes are (this can certainly be simplified!) :

mp4_subtitle_tests

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-09-28T12:52:49+0200

Subtitles in MP4 Tests: MP4Box -add $video -add $audio -add $st:name=Deutsch:lang=de:hdlr=sbtl:group=2 -new Desktop/jazz-v2.m4v IsoMedia import - track ID 1 - Video (size 1920 x 1080) IsoMedia import - track ID 1 - Audio (SR 48000 - 2 channels) Timed Text (SRT) import - text track 1920 x 1080, font Serif (size 18) Setting up iTunes/iPod file... Saving Desktop/jazz-v2.m4v: 0.500 secs Interleaving

mysql_mariadb

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-02-08T18:07:51+0200

MySQL - MariaDB apt install mariadb-server Move/Copy database On old server olddb=tng On new server newdb=tng echo "CREATE DATABASE $newdb;" | mysql -u root echo "SHOW DATABASES;" | mysql -u root See Also

ntp

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2022-12-13T18:55:10+0200

NTP Time sync. is now controlled by systemd. Show current state systemctl status systemd-timesyncd.service timedatectl timedatectl -a timesync-status timedatectl -a show-timesync cat /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf Set NTP servers sudo mcedit /etc/systemd/timesyncd.conf

obs

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-06-05T15:18:59+0200

OBS Studio streaming UDP streaming On OBS source: Select output to FFmpeg recording, and to URL. To start streaming, click "Start Recording". [General] Name=UDP-stream-to-dromedar [Video] BaseCX=1920 BaseCY=1080 OutputCX=1920 OutputCY=1080 FPSType=1 FPSCommon=25 PAL FPSInt=25 ScaleType=bilinear [Panels] CookieId=20409558F0205F6F [Output] Mode=Advanced [AdvOut] TrackIndex=1 RecType=FFmpeg RecTracks=1 FLVTrack=1 FFOutputToFile=false FFURL=udp://192.168.81.37:6000?pkt_size=1316 FFFormat=m…

postfix_move_mails

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2019-09-17T22:11:00+0200

Postfix: move mails to other machine chown -R postfix:postdrop /mnt/old_var/spool/postfix/maildrop chown -R postfix:postfix /mnt/old_var/spool/postfix/defer* mv /mnt/old_var/spool/postfix/maildrop/* /var/spool/postfix/maildrop/ cd /mnt/old_var/spool/postfix/ find defer -type f -printf "%P\n" \ | while read f; do for d in defer deferred; do mv -v $d/$f /var/spool/postfix/$d…

postgresql

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2022-11-15T10:42:52+0200

Postgresql List databases psql -U postgres -tA -c 'SELECT datname FROM pg_database' | sort Get statistics db=... ; pghost=localhost psql -U postgres -h $pghost -t -A -c "SELECT datname, tup_inserted, tup_updated, tup_deleted FROM pg_stat_database WHERE datname='$db';"

python

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2020-08-08T18:40:55+0200

Python 2.7 in Resolve 16 on Windows: Py2> print sys.path [ 'C:\\WINDOWS\\SYSTEM32\\python27.zip', # doesn't exist 'C:\\Python27\\DLLs', 'C:\\Python27\\lib', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\plat-win', # doesn't exist 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\lib-tk', 'C:\\Program Files\\Blackmagic Design\\DaVinci Resolve', 'C:\\Python27', 'C:\\Python27\\lib\\site-packages' ]

start

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2022-12-13T18:07:04+0200

Start page

Aliases
Avid: disable startup items
Bash history settings
SSH X11 forwarding
certbot
win10

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2024-11-05T15:24:45+0200
Windows 10 settings System info systeminfo cmd /k ver Windows Product key wmic path SoftwareLicensingService get OA3xOriginalProductKey or use NirSoft's ProduKey Get computer name * hostname (hostname.exe) in both CMD and PS * %COMPUTERNAME% in CMD or $ENV:COMPUTERNAME

windows_11

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2026-03-07T18:56:14+0200
Install with local account To install Windows 11 without a Microsoft account, the easiest is to use Rufus to make a USB installer. Alternatives that can be tried are, according to this page: Hit Shift-F10 to reach a command prompt and then run the following command to create a local-only account:

youtube

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2023-06-01T00:12:56+0200
Channel "mivk" :

zsh

Anonymous (anonymous@undisclosed.example.com) — 2022-05-20T00:58:20+0200
Mostly copied from Put into ~/.zshrc * Prompt: PROMPT='%(?.%F{green}√.%F{red}?%?)%f %K{81}%B%~ %#%b%K{default} ' * History: (See also ) HISTFILE=${ZDOTDIR:-$HOME}/.zsh_history setopt EXTENDED_HISTORY SAVEHIST=5000 HISTSIZE=2000 # share history across multiple zsh sessions setopt SHARE_HISTORY # append to history setopt APPEND_HISTORY # adds commands as they are typed, not a…